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Properties of Dental Materials

Lessons, visuals, quizzes, flashcards, and resources—organized in teaching order.

Comprehensive Assessment

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1. Explain the physical difference between adsorption and absorption, and state the units used to measure viscosity.

2. Which of the following lists contains only scientific tests used to measure the hardness of dental materials?

Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers, and KnoopMunsell, Brinell, and KnoopVickers, Rockwell, and SorptionLCTE, Brinell, and Rockwell

3. Compare adhesion and cohesion, and explain how the shape of a liquid drop on a solid surface indicates its wettability.

4. Which of the following statements is true regarding wettability?

A rounder, more spherical drop indicates more wetting.A flatter shape of the drop indicates more wetting.Wettability is completely independent of the shape of the drop.Wettability is measured in grams per meter per second.

5. Define thermal diffusivity and explain how density, specific heat, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity influence whether temperature changes transmit rapidly or slowly.

6. Which of the following dental materials causes the most sensitivity due to its high rate of conducting heat?

Composite resinPorcelainGoldDental amalgam

7. Explain the cause of galvanic shock in the oral cavity, and distinguish between tarnish and corrosion.

8. What is the term for a surface discoloration on a metal or a slight loss of surface finish or luster caused by reaction with sulfides, oxides, or chlorides?

Galvanic shockTarnishCorrosionSorption

9. Describe the challenge of metamerism in shade matching, and explain how the refractive index of a restoration must relate to the tooth to avoid an opaque appearance.

10. In the Munsell Color System, which index represents the lightness of the color?

HueValueChromaRefraction

11. Define and differentiate the three basic forces: tensile, compressive, and shear.

12. What is the typical intraoral biting force acting on molars?

111 Newtons (25 lbs.)220 Newtons (41 lbs.)310 Newtons (70.5 lbs.)580 Newtons (132 lbs.)

13. Write the equation for the modulus of elasticity, and explain how the value of this modulus relates to the stiffness of a dental material.

14. Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between yield strength and the proportional limit?

Yield strength is always slightly lower than the proportional limit.Yield strength is always slightly higher than the proportional limit.Yield strength and proportional limit are identical values.Yield strength is independent of elastic behavior.